Migraine, a debilitating headache disorder, can feel like the worst affliction for those affected, disrupting daily routines with throbbing pain, often on one side of the head. Beyond discomfort, it may lead to stress, anxiety, or even depression. Neurologists warn that individuals under chronic stress face a higher risk. “Stress and erratic lifestyles are major migraine triggers,” says Dr. Arun Sharma, a neurologist. Understanding its early symptoms and risk factors is crucial for managing this condition effectively.

Migraines progress through four stages: prodrome, aura, headache, and postdrome. The prodrome phase, starting up to 24 hours before the headache, brings irritability, insomnia, or tension. The aura phase heightens sensitivity to touch, causing difficulties in speaking or concentrating. The headache phase follows, with pulsating pain that can last from 4 to 72 hours, sometimes shifting sides. Genetics play a significant role—those with a family history are at greater risk. Triggers like bright lights, loud noises, strong odors, alcohol, sleep deprivation, hormonal changes, and weather shifts can also spark migraines. “Identifying personal triggers is key to prevention,” Dr. Sharma notes.

While no permanent cure exists, medications can help control migraine pain. Experts emphasize avoiding triggers to reduce frequency and severity. Stress management, regular sleep, a balanced diet, and staying hydrated are vital preventive measures. “Small lifestyle changes can significantly lessen migraine intensity,” Dr. Sharma advises. For instance, minimizing exposure to intense stimuli and maintaining a consistent routine can make a difference. If symptoms arise, consulting a doctor promptly is essential. With awareness and proactive steps, those prone to migraines can better navigate this challenging condition, reclaiming control over their lives.