New Delhi, 6 April 2025: Diabetes has now become a common disease in India. Millions of people are suffering from it, and other problems that come with it are making their lives more difficult. One of the major complaints is joint pain. Diabetes patients often ask why they start having pain in their knees, shoulders or back. Is high blood sugar really responsible for this? The answer is yes, and there are many scientific reasons behind it. Let’s understand this connection and know how to get relief from it.

Diabetes and joint connection

Diabetes is not just a problem of increased blood sugar; it gradually affects many parts of the body. When the sugar level remains uncontrolled for a long time, it affects the nerves, muscles and joints. Delhi-based endocrinologist Dr Sanjay Gupta explains, “High blood sugar reduces the lubrication around the joints, which leads to stiffness and swelling. Lack of insulin or its reduced effect impairs metabolism, and this weakens the tissues.”

This causes the joints to become stiff, and patients start having difficulty in walking. This problem is especially seen more in people suffering from diabetes for a long time.

Which pains are common?

Some specific types of joint pains are common in diabetic patients. The most common complaint is of ‘frozen shoulder’, in which it becomes difficult to move the shoulder and there is severe pain. Apart from this, in a condition called ‘diabetic neuropathy’, there is burning, tingling and pain in the nerves of the feet. ‘Dupuytren contracture’ is also seen in the fingers, in which the knots harden and make it difficult to bend them. Stiffness in the knees and back is also a major symptom of this disease.

Mumbai resident Sheela Mehta (52) says, “For the past two years, I have been having pain and stiffness in my shoulders. At first I thought it was due to age, but the doctor told me that it is the effect of my diabetes.” Her words tell the story of millions of patients who are troubled by this pain.

Why does the condition of joints deteriorate?

Diabetes affects the blood vessels. When blood flow is not proper, joints and muscles do not get oxygen and nutrients. This increases inflammation and pain begins. Dr. Gupta further explains, “Due to high sugar, chemicals that increase inflammation in the body become active, which damages the joints. Also, due to weak immunity in diabetes, even small injuries or pain do not heal quickly.”

Apart from this, obesity is also a big reason. Many diabetic patients gain weight, which puts pressure on the joints and increases the complaint of pain.

The path of treatment

The first step to get relief from joint pain caused by diabetes is to control blood sugar. When the sugar level remains balanced, its negative effect on the body is less. Along with this, by adopting some simple measures, the patient can reduce his suffering to a great extent.

The most important thing is regular light exercise. Morning walk, yoga or stretching keeps the joints active and reduces stiffness. Physiotherapist Rekha Sharma advises, “15-20 minutes of stretching every day is very beneficial. But keep in mind not to exert too much force, otherwise it can cause harm.”

Special attention should also be paid to diet. Green vegetables, fruits, nuts and fiber-rich diet are beneficial for both diabetes and joints. It is important to avoid fried foods and sweets. Many patients apply hot water fomentation, which provides relief from swelling and pain. If the pain is severe, ointments or medicines can also be taken on the advice of the doctor.

When to go to the doctor?

If the pain persists for weeks, swelling increases, there is difficulty in walking or sleep starts getting interrupted at night, then one should immediately consult a doctor. Sometimes this pain can be a sign of serious diseases like rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis other than diabetes. Dr. Gupta says, “Proper investigation reveals the root cause of the pain. It is important to start treatment on time.” Small steps, big relief Joint pain with diabetes can be troublesome, but there is no need to panic. It can be controlled by understanding it in the beginning and adopting small changes. Ashok Kumar (58), a patient from Delhi, says, “By controlling sugar and walking daily, my knee pain has reduced a lot. Now I am not as uncomfortable as before.” Managing diabetes and taking care of joints is a simultaneous process. With the right information, a little effort and the help of a doctor, you can get relief from this pain. So don’t delay, pay attention to your health from today itself.